I Chronicles 5: The Lineage of Reuben and the Eastern Tribes
Now the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel, (for he was the firstborn; but, forasmuch as he defiled his father’s bed, his birthright was given unto the sons of Joseph the son of Israel: and the genealogy is not to be reckoned after the birthright.
For Judah prevailed above his brethren, and of him came the chief ruler; but the birthright was Joseph’s:)
The sons, I say, of Reuben the firstborn of Israel were, Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
The sons of Joel; Shemaiah his son, Gog his son, Shimei his son,
Micah his son, Reaia his son, Baal his son,
Beerah his son, whom Tilgath–pilneser king of Assyria carried away captive: he was prince of the Reubenites.
And his brethren by their families, when the genealogy of their generations was reckoned, were the chief, Jeiel, and Zechariah,
And Bela the son of Azaz, the son of Shema, the son of Joel, who dwelt in Aroer, even unto Nebo and Baal–meon:
And eastward he inhabited unto the entering in of the wilderness from the river Euphrates: because their cattle were multiplied in the land of Gilead.
And in the days of Saul they made war with the Hagarites, who fell by their hand: and they dwelt in their tents throughout all the east land of Gilead.
And the children of Gad dwelt over against them, in the land of Bashan unto Salchah:
Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
And their brethren of the house of their fathers were, Michael, and Meshullam, and Sheba, and Jorai, and Jachan, and Zia, and Heber, seven.
These are the children of Abihail the son of Huri, the son of Jaroah, the son of Gilead, the son of Michael, the son of Jeshishai, the son of Jahdo, the son of Buz;
Ahi the son of Abdiel, the son of Guni, chief of the house of their fathers.
And they dwelt in Gilead in Bashan, and in her towns, and in all the suburbs of Sharon, upon their borders.
All these were reckoned by genealogies in the days of Jotham king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam king of Israel.
The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh, of valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were four and forty thousand seven hundred and threescore, that went out to the war.
And they made war with the Hagarites, with Jetur, and Nephish, and Nodab.
And they were helped against them, and the Hagarites were delivered into their hand, and all that were with them: for they cried to God in the battle, and he was intreated of them; because they put their trust in him.
And they took away their cattle; of their camels fifty thousand, and of sheep two hundred and fifty thousand, and of asses two thousand, and of men an hundred thousand.
For there fell down many slain, because the war was of God. And they dwelt in their steads until the captivity.
And the children of the half tribe of Manasseh dwelt in the land: they increased from Bashan unto Baal–hermon and Senir, and unto mount Hermon.
And these were the heads of the house of their fathers, even Epher, and Ishi, and Eliel, and Azriel, and Jeremiah, and Hodaviah, and Jahdiel, mighty men of valour, famous men, and heads of the house of their fathers.
And they transgressed against the God of their fathers, and went a whoring after the gods of the people of the land, whom God destroyed before them.
And the God of Israel stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria, and the spirit of Tilgath–pilneser king of Assyria, and he carried them away, even the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and brought them unto Halah, and Habor, and Hara, and to the river Gozan, unto this day.
I Chronicles 5 offers a detailed look into the tribes east of the Jordan River, particularly Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. This chapter isn't simply a genealogical record; it's a narrative of faithfulness, failure, and God's sovereign hand at work in history. The chapter begins with the story of Reuben and why he lost his birthright, and then continues with a historical and military account of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
The Loss of Reuben's Birthright (I Chronicles 5:1-2)
The chapter opens with a significant historical reference. I Chronicles 5:1-2 explains why Reuben, Jacob's firstborn son, fell out of God's favor, paving the way for Judah to become the tribe from which the Messiah, Jesus, would descend. Reuben's transgression, defiling his father's bed (I Chronicles 5:1), is a euphemism for committing adultery with his father's concubine, Bilhah (Genesis 35:22; 30:4). This act was deeply offensive to God, and as a consequence, Reuben forfeited his birthright, which was then transferred to Joseph (I Chronicles 5:2).
Reuben's story echoes that of Esau, who also prioritized immediate gratification over his spiritual inheritance (Genesis 25:32). Both men cared more about their physical appetites than their spiritual heritage. This teaches us a vital principle about God's kingdom. God, in His sovereign power, can accomplish more through those who are considered "lesser" but devoted to Him than the enemy can through those who are considered "greater" but are self-serving.
Military Prowess and Faithfulness (I Chronicles 5:18-26)
The latter part of I Chronicles 5 focuses on the military strength and expansion of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. They demonstrated courage and faith in battle, calling on God for help and experiencing victory. This section emphasizes their dependence on God in their conflicts.
However, the chapter concludes with a sobering note. Despite their initial faithfulness, these tribes eventually turned away from God and worshiped the gods of the people of the land. As a result, God stirred up the spirit of Pul, king of Assyria, and Tiglath-Pileser, king of Assyria, who carried them away into exile (I Chronicles 5:26). This serves as a warning against complacency and the dangers of abandoning God's covenant.
Lessons for Today
I Chronicles 5 offers several valuable lessons for contemporary readers:
- The Importance of Integrity: Reuben's sin had lasting consequences, highlighting the significance of moral purity and honoring our commitments.
- God's Sovereignty: Despite human failures, God's purposes will prevail. He can use unexpected people and circumstances to accomplish His will.
- The Danger of Complacency: The initial faithfulness of the eastern tribes did not guarantee their continued blessing. We must remain vigilant in our faith and avoid the temptation to compromise our values.
- The Consequences of Disobedience: The exile of these tribes serves as a reminder that disobedience to God has serious repercussions.
I Chronicles 5 is more than just a list of names and places. It's a story of choices, consequences, and God's enduring presence in the lives of His people. It encourages us to examine our own hearts, to prioritize spiritual values over fleeting desires, and to remain steadfast in our devotion to God.
Now the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel, (for he was the firstborn; but, forasmuch as he defiled his father’s bed, his birthright was given unto the sons of Joseph the son of Israel: and the genealogy is not to be reckoned after the birthright.
For Judah prevailed above his brethren, and of him came the chief ruler; but the birthright was Joseph’s:)
The sons, I say, of Reuben the firstborn of Israel were, Hanoch, and Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi.
The sons of Joel; Shemaiah his son, Gog his son, Shimei his son,
Micah his son, Reaia his son, Baal his son,
Beerah his son, whom Tilgath–pilneser king of Assyria carried away captive: he was prince of the Reubenites.
And his brethren by their families, when the genealogy of their generations was reckoned, were the chief, Jeiel, and Zechariah,
And Bela the son of Azaz, the son of Shema, the son of Joel, who dwelt in Aroer, even unto Nebo and Baal–meon:
And eastward he inhabited unto the entering in of the wilderness from the river Euphrates: because their cattle were multiplied in the land of Gilead.
And in the days of Saul they made war with the Hagarites, who fell by their hand: and they dwelt in their tents throughout all the east land of Gilead.
And the children of Gad dwelt over against them, in the land of Bashan unto Salchah:
Joel the chief, and Shapham the next, and Jaanai, and Shaphat in Bashan.
And their brethren of the house of their fathers were, Michael, and Meshullam, and Sheba, and Jorai, and Jachan, and Zia, and Heber, seven.
These are the children of Abihail the son of Huri, the son of Jaroah, the son of Gilead, the son of Michael, the son of Jeshishai, the son of Jahdo, the son of Buz;
Ahi the son of Abdiel, the son of Guni, chief of the house of their fathers.
And they dwelt in Gilead in Bashan, and in her towns, and in all the suburbs of Sharon, upon their borders.
All these were reckoned by genealogies in the days of Jotham king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam king of Israel.
The sons of Reuben, and the Gadites, and half the tribe of Manasseh, of valiant men, men able to bear buckler and sword, and to shoot with bow, and skilful in war, were four and forty thousand seven hundred and threescore, that went out to the war.
And they made war with the Hagarites, with Jetur, and Nephish, and Nodab.
And they were helped against them, and the Hagarites were delivered into their hand, and all that were with them: for they cried to God in the battle, and he was intreated of them; because they put their trust in him.
And they took away their cattle; of their camels fifty thousand, and of sheep two hundred and fifty thousand, and of asses two thousand, and of men an hundred thousand.
For there fell down many slain, because the war was of God. And they dwelt in their steads until the captivity.
And the children of the half tribe of Manasseh dwelt in the land: they increased from Bashan unto Baal–hermon and Senir, and unto mount Hermon.
And these were the heads of the house of their fathers, even Epher, and Ishi, and Eliel, and Azriel, and Jeremiah, and Hodaviah, and Jahdiel, mighty men of valour, famous men, and heads of the house of their fathers.
And they transgressed against the God of their fathers, and went a whoring after the gods of the people of the land, whom God destroyed before them.
And the God of Israel stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria, and the spirit of Tilgath–pilneser king of Assyria, and he carried them away, even the Reubenites, and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh, and brought them unto Halah, and Habor, and Hara, and to the river Gozan, unto this day.
I Chronicles 5 offers a detailed look into the tribes east of the Jordan River, particularly Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. This chapter isn't simply a genealogical record; it's a narrative of faithfulness, failure, and God's sovereign hand at work in history. The chapter begins with the story of Reuben and why he lost his birthright, and then continues with a historical and military account of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
The Loss of Reuben's Birthright (I Chronicles 5:1-2)
The chapter opens with a significant historical reference. I Chronicles 5:1-2 explains why Reuben, Jacob's firstborn son, fell out of God's favor, paving the way for Judah to become the tribe from which the Messiah, Jesus, would descend. Reuben's transgression, defiling his father's bed (I Chronicles 5:1), is a euphemism for committing adultery with his father's concubine, Bilhah (Genesis 35:22; 30:4). This act was deeply offensive to God, and as a consequence, Reuben forfeited his birthright, which was then transferred to Joseph (I Chronicles 5:2).
Reuben's story echoes that of Esau, who also prioritized immediate gratification over his spiritual inheritance (Genesis 25:32). Both men cared more about their physical appetites than their spiritual heritage. This teaches us a vital principle about God's kingdom. God, in His sovereign power, can accomplish more through those who are considered "lesser" but devoted to Him than the enemy can through those who are considered "greater" but are self-serving.
Military Prowess and Faithfulness (I Chronicles 5:18-26)
The latter part of I Chronicles 5 focuses on the military strength and expansion of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh. They demonstrated courage and faith in battle, calling on God for help and experiencing victory. This section emphasizes their dependence on God in their conflicts.
However, the chapter concludes with a sobering note. Despite their initial faithfulness, these tribes eventually turned away from God and worshiped the gods of the people of the land. As a result, God stirred up the spirit of Pul, king of Assyria, and Tiglath-Pileser, king of Assyria, who carried them away into exile (I Chronicles 5:26). This serves as a warning against complacency and the dangers of abandoning God's covenant.
Lessons for Today
I Chronicles 5 offers several valuable lessons for contemporary readers:
- The Importance of Integrity: Reuben's sin had lasting consequences, highlighting the significance of moral purity and honoring our commitments.
- God's Sovereignty: Despite human failures, God's purposes will prevail. He can use unexpected people and circumstances to accomplish His will.
- The Danger of Complacency: The initial faithfulness of the eastern tribes did not guarantee their continued blessing. We must remain vigilant in our faith and avoid the temptation to compromise our values.
- The Consequences of Disobedience: The exile of these tribes serves as a reminder that disobedience to God has serious repercussions.
I Chronicles 5 is more than just a list of names and places. It's a story of choices, consequences, and God's enduring presence in the lives of His people. It encourages us to examine our own hearts, to prioritize spiritual values over fleeting desires, and to remain steadfast in our devotion to God.