II Chronicles 34 Commentary
Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years.
And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of David his father, and declined neither to the right hand, nor to the left.
For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images.
And they brake down the altars of Baalim in his presence; and the images, that were on high above them, he cut down; and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images, he brake in pieces, and made dust of them, and strowed it upon the graves of them that had sacrificed unto them.
And he burnt the bones of the priests upon their altars, and cleansed Judah and Jerusalem.
And so did he in the cities of Manasseh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, even unto Naphtali, with their mattocks round about.
And when he had broken down the altars and the groves, and had beaten the graven images into powder, and cut down all the idols throughout all the land of Israel, he returned to Jerusalem.
Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the Lord his God.
And when they came to Hilkiah the high priest, they delivered the money that was brought into the house of God, which the Levites that kept the doors had gathered of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Israel, and of all Judah and Benjamin; and they returned to Jerusalem.
And they put it in the hand of the workmen that had the oversight of the house of the Lord, and they gave it to the workmen that wrought in the house of the Lord, to repair and amend the house:
Even to the artificers and builders gave they it, to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed.
And the men did the work faithfully: and the overseers of them were Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to set it forward; and other of the Levites, all that could skill of instruments of musick.
Also they were over the bearers of burdens, and were overseers of all that wrought the work in any manner of service: and of the Levites there were scribes, and officers, and porters.
And when they brought out the money that was brought into the house of the Lord, Hilkiah the priest found a book of the law of the Lord given by Moses.
And Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord. And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan.
And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and brought the king word back again, saying, All that was committed to thy servants, they do it.
And they have gathered together the money that was found in the house of the Lord, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers, and to the hand of the workmen.
Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, Hilkiah the priest hath given me a book. And Shaphan read it before the king.
And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the law, that he rent his clothes.
And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king’s, saying,
Go, enquire of the Lord for me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of the Lord that is poured out upon us, because our fathers have not kept the word of the Lord, to do after all that is written in this book.
And Hilkiah, and they that the king had appointed, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college:) and they spake to her to that effect.
And she answered them, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, Tell ye the man that sent you to me,
Thus saith the Lord, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah:
Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands; therefore my wrath shall be poured out upon this place, and shall not be quenched.
And as for the king of Judah, who sent you to enquire of the Lord, so shall ye say unto him, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel concerning the words which thou hast heard;
Because thine heart was tender, and thou didst humble thyself before God, when thou heardest his words against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, and humbledst thyself before me, and didst rend thy clothes, and weep before me; I have even heard thee also, saith the Lord.
Behold, I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, neither shall thine eyes see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of the same. So they brought the king word again.
Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
And the king went up into the house of the Lord, and all the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people, great and small: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that was found in the house of the Lord.
And the king stood in his place, and made a covenant before the Lord, to walk after the Lord, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant which are written in this book.
And he caused all that were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to it. And the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers.
And Josiah took away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertained to the children of Israel, and made all that were present in Israel to serve, even to serve the Lord their God. And all his days they departed not from following the Lord, the God of their fathers.
II Chronicles 34 tells the story of King Josiah, a pivotal figure in Judah's history, and his remarkable efforts to reform the nation and restore true worship. This chapter offers a powerful example of how one person's devotion to God can spark widespread change and renewal. This is especially encouraging, as the chronicler sought to encourage his readers after the Babylonian captivity.
Josiah's Righteous Reign (II Chronicles 34:1-2)
Josiah ascended to the throne at the tender age of eight. It is truly remarkable that at such a young age, Josiah "did what was right in the eyes of the Lord and walked in the ways of his father David" (II Chronicles 34:2). The chronicler highlights this key fact to encourage the returned exiles. Even more rare and commendable, the text notes that Josiah "did not turn aside to the right or to the left" (II Chronicles 34:2). This unwavering commitment to God's path is a testament to the potential for righteousness, regardless of age or circumstance.
Purging Idolatry (II Chronicles 34:3-7)
By the age of sixteen, Josiah began to earnestly seek the Lord (II Chronicles 34:3). At twenty, Josiah demonstrated his zeal for God by initiating a thorough purge of idolatry throughout Judah and even into the northern territories of Israel (II Chronicles 34:3-7). This extensive campaign involved destroying altars, Asherah poles, carved images, and idols, as well as desecrating the graves of pagan priests. This act mirrors the prophecy in 1 Kings 13:1-3, highlighting Josiah's role in fulfilling God's word.
The Discovery of the Law (II Chronicles 34:8-18)
In the eighteenth year of his reign, Josiah ordered the renovation of the temple (II Chronicles 34:8). During this process, Hilkiah the high priest discovered the Book of the Law in the Lord’s temple (II Chronicles 34:14). This discovery was a momentous event, as the Law had apparently been lost or neglected for many years. Hilkiah entrusted the book to Shaphan the secretary, who read it to the king (II Chronicles 34:15-16). Just imagine the shock when Shaphan said, "I have found the Book of the Law in the LORD’s temple" (II Chronicles 34:15).
Josiah's Repentance and God's Response (II Chronicles 34:19-28)
Upon hearing the words of the Law, Josiah was deeply moved and tore his clothes in an act of grief and mourning (II Chronicles 34:19). He recognized the extent to which the nation had strayed from God's commands and the impending judgment they faced (II Chronicles 34:21). Josiah sent a delegation to Huldah the prophetess, who confirmed God's determination to bring disaster upon Judah because of their idolatry (II Chronicles 34:22-25). However, God also promised that because of Josiah's humble and tender heart, he would be spared from witnessing the calamity (II Chronicles 34:26-28).
Covenant Renewal and Continued Reform (II Chronicles 34:29-33)
Josiah did not simply accept God's promise of personal protection. Instead, he gathered all the people of Judah and Jerusalem and read the Book of the Covenant to them (II Chronicles 34:30). He then led them in a covenant renewal ceremony, where they pledged to follow the Lord and keep His commandments (II Chronicles 34:31). Josiah continued his efforts to remove all detestable idols from the land and compelled the people to serve the Lord their God (II Chronicles 34:32-33). The impact of Josiah's leadership was profound: "During Josiah’s lifetime, they did not turn away from following the Lord, the God of their ancestors" (II Chronicles 34:33). This was not just a ceremonial show, but a genuine turning back to God.
Josiah's story in II Chronicles 34 is a testament to the power of individual faithfulness and the potential for national renewal. His example challenges us to examine our own hearts, seek God's Word, and respond with repentance and obedience. It also encourages us to actively work for righteousness in our communities, knowing that even one person's commitment can make a significant difference.
Josiah was eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years.
And he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of David his father, and declined neither to the right hand, nor to the left.
For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images.
And they brake down the altars of Baalim in his presence; and the images, that were on high above them, he cut down; and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images, he brake in pieces, and made dust of them, and strowed it upon the graves of them that had sacrificed unto them.
And he burnt the bones of the priests upon their altars, and cleansed Judah and Jerusalem.
And so did he in the cities of Manasseh, and Ephraim, and Simeon, even unto Naphtali, with their mattocks round about.
And when he had broken down the altars and the groves, and had beaten the graven images into powder, and cut down all the idols throughout all the land of Israel, he returned to Jerusalem.
Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, when he had purged the land, and the house, he sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, and Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah the son of Joahaz the recorder, to repair the house of the Lord his God.
And when they came to Hilkiah the high priest, they delivered the money that was brought into the house of God, which the Levites that kept the doors had gathered of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Israel, and of all Judah and Benjamin; and they returned to Jerusalem.
And they put it in the hand of the workmen that had the oversight of the house of the Lord, and they gave it to the workmen that wrought in the house of the Lord, to repair and amend the house:
Even to the artificers and builders gave they it, to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed.
And the men did the work faithfully: and the overseers of them were Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to set it forward; and other of the Levites, all that could skill of instruments of musick.
Also they were over the bearers of burdens, and were overseers of all that wrought the work in any manner of service: and of the Levites there were scribes, and officers, and porters.
And when they brought out the money that was brought into the house of the Lord, Hilkiah the priest found a book of the law of the Lord given by Moses.
And Hilkiah answered and said to Shaphan the scribe, I have found the book of the law in the house of the Lord. And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan.
And Shaphan carried the book to the king, and brought the king word back again, saying, All that was committed to thy servants, they do it.
And they have gathered together the money that was found in the house of the Lord, and have delivered it into the hand of the overseers, and to the hand of the workmen.
Then Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying, Hilkiah the priest hath given me a book. And Shaphan read it before the king.
And it came to pass, when the king had heard the words of the law, that he rent his clothes.
And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king’s, saying,
Go, enquire of the Lord for me, and for them that are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that is found: for great is the wrath of the Lord that is poured out upon us, because our fathers have not kept the word of the Lord, to do after all that is written in this book.
And Hilkiah, and they that the king had appointed, went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum the son of Tikvath, the son of Hasrah, keeper of the wardrobe; (now she dwelt in Jerusalem in the college:) and they spake to her to that effect.
And she answered them, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel, Tell ye the man that sent you to me,
Thus saith the Lord, Behold, I will bring evil upon this place, and upon the inhabitants thereof, even all the curses that are written in the book which they have read before the king of Judah:
Because they have forsaken me, and have burned incense unto other gods, that they might provoke me to anger with all the works of their hands; therefore my wrath shall be poured out upon this place, and shall not be quenched.
And as for the king of Judah, who sent you to enquire of the Lord, so shall ye say unto him, Thus saith the Lord God of Israel concerning the words which thou hast heard;
Because thine heart was tender, and thou didst humble thyself before God, when thou heardest his words against this place, and against the inhabitants thereof, and humbledst thyself before me, and didst rend thy clothes, and weep before me; I have even heard thee also, saith the Lord.
Behold, I will gather thee to thy fathers, and thou shalt be gathered to thy grave in peace, neither shall thine eyes see all the evil that I will bring upon this place, and upon the inhabitants of the same. So they brought the king word again.
Then the king sent and gathered together all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem.
And the king went up into the house of the Lord, and all the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests, and the Levites, and all the people, great and small: and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant that was found in the house of the Lord.
And the king stood in his place, and made a covenant before the Lord, to walk after the Lord, and to keep his commandments, and his testimonies, and his statutes, with all his heart, and with all his soul, to perform the words of the covenant which are written in this book.
And he caused all that were present in Jerusalem and Benjamin to stand to it. And the inhabitants of Jerusalem did according to the covenant of God, the God of their fathers.
And Josiah took away all the abominations out of all the countries that pertained to the children of Israel, and made all that were present in Israel to serve, even to serve the Lord their God. And all his days they departed not from following the Lord, the God of their fathers.
II Chronicles 34 tells the story of King Josiah, a pivotal figure in Judah's history, and his remarkable efforts to reform the nation and restore true worship. This chapter offers a powerful example of how one person's devotion to God can spark widespread change and renewal. This is especially encouraging, as the chronicler sought to encourage his readers after the Babylonian captivity.
Josiah's Righteous Reign (II Chronicles 34:1-2)
Josiah ascended to the throne at the tender age of eight. It is truly remarkable that at such a young age, Josiah "did what was right in the eyes of the Lord and walked in the ways of his father David" (II Chronicles 34:2). The chronicler highlights this key fact to encourage the returned exiles. Even more rare and commendable, the text notes that Josiah "did not turn aside to the right or to the left" (II Chronicles 34:2). This unwavering commitment to God's path is a testament to the potential for righteousness, regardless of age or circumstance.
Purging Idolatry (II Chronicles 34:3-7)
By the age of sixteen, Josiah began to earnestly seek the Lord (II Chronicles 34:3). At twenty, Josiah demonstrated his zeal for God by initiating a thorough purge of idolatry throughout Judah and even into the northern territories of Israel (II Chronicles 34:3-7). This extensive campaign involved destroying altars, Asherah poles, carved images, and idols, as well as desecrating the graves of pagan priests. This act mirrors the prophecy in 1 Kings 13:1-3, highlighting Josiah's role in fulfilling God's word.
The Discovery of the Law (II Chronicles 34:8-18)
In the eighteenth year of his reign, Josiah ordered the renovation of the temple (II Chronicles 34:8). During this process, Hilkiah the high priest discovered the Book of the Law in the Lord’s temple (II Chronicles 34:14). This discovery was a momentous event, as the Law had apparently been lost or neglected for many years. Hilkiah entrusted the book to Shaphan the secretary, who read it to the king (II Chronicles 34:15-16). Just imagine the shock when Shaphan said, "I have found the Book of the Law in the LORD’s temple" (II Chronicles 34:15).
Josiah's Repentance and God's Response (II Chronicles 34:19-28)
Upon hearing the words of the Law, Josiah was deeply moved and tore his clothes in an act of grief and mourning (II Chronicles 34:19). He recognized the extent to which the nation had strayed from God's commands and the impending judgment they faced (II Chronicles 34:21). Josiah sent a delegation to Huldah the prophetess, who confirmed God's determination to bring disaster upon Judah because of their idolatry (II Chronicles 34:22-25). However, God also promised that because of Josiah's humble and tender heart, he would be spared from witnessing the calamity (II Chronicles 34:26-28).
Covenant Renewal and Continued Reform (II Chronicles 34:29-33)
Josiah did not simply accept God's promise of personal protection. Instead, he gathered all the people of Judah and Jerusalem and read the Book of the Covenant to them (II Chronicles 34:30). He then led them in a covenant renewal ceremony, where they pledged to follow the Lord and keep His commandments (II Chronicles 34:31). Josiah continued his efforts to remove all detestable idols from the land and compelled the people to serve the Lord their God (II Chronicles 34:32-33). The impact of Josiah's leadership was profound: "During Josiah’s lifetime, they did not turn away from following the Lord, the God of their ancestors" (II Chronicles 34:33). This was not just a ceremonial show, but a genuine turning back to God.
Josiah's story in II Chronicles 34 is a testament to the power of individual faithfulness and the potential for national renewal. His example challenges us to examine our own hearts, seek God's Word, and respond with repentance and obedience. It also encourages us to actively work for righteousness in our communities, knowing that even one person's commitment can make a significant difference.